Confusing English Words – borrow / lend / loan / owe

بسیاری از کلمات وجود دارند که معنی یکسانی دارند، اما در واقع تعاریف و کاربردهای مختلفی دارند.
شما می خواهید درست صحبت کنید و از به کار بردن کلمات نادرست خودداری کنید، اما در مورد معنی دقیق و کاربرد هر کلمه کاملا مطمئن نیستید.
بعضی از زبان آموزان حتی به دلیل تردیدهایشان از به کار بردن کلمات خودداری می کنند!
هدف ما در این سری از پست ها روشن کردن رایج ترین کلمات گیج کننده در انگلیسی است.

borrow / lend / loan / owe

.To lend or loan is to GIVE something to a person temporarily, and to borrow is to RECEIVE something temporarily (and you will need to give it back)

:If Maria is in class and she doesn’t have a pencil, she could ask her friend Daniel

“?Could I borrow a pencil”
“?Or: “Could you lend/loan me a pencil

.Daniel lends/loans her the pencil; Maria has borrowed a pencil from Daniel. And after she’s done using it, she’ll give it back

:Lend/loan is often used with to

.Daniel lent/loaned his pencil to Maria
.Or: Daniel lent/loaned Maria his pencil

:Borrow is often used with from

.Maria borrowed a pencil from Daniel

Lend/loan and borrow can also be used for money: Imagine you don’t have enough money to buy a car, but you get $10,000 from the bank. You have to pay the money back later

.The bank lent/loaned me $10,000
.I borrowed $10,000 from the bank

.The amount of money is also called a loan (noun). Many people take out student loans to help pay for their education at university

.Now you owe the bank $10,000. “Owe” means you have the obligation to return something like money, an object, or a favor

:Avoid this common error! If you want to use your friend’s car for the weekend, say

Could I borrow your car? = OK
Could you lend me your car? = OK
?Could you borrow me your car